مدل ارزیابی و کاهش خطرپذیری زلزله در بافت‌های تاریخی مطالعه موردی: بازار تاریخی اردبیل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی عمرانـ زلزله، پژوهشگاه بینالمللی زلزلهشناسی و مهندسی زلزله

2 دانشیار پژوهشکدة مدیریت خطرپذیری و بحران، پژوهشگاه بینالمللی زلزلهشناسی و مهندسی زلزله،

3 دانشیار پژوهشکدة مهندسی سازه، پژوهشگاه بینالمللی زلزلهشناسی و مهندسی زلزله

چکیده

وقوع زلزله در بافت‌های تاریخی با ارزش اقتصادی نظیر بازارهای سنتی ضمن آسیب به زیرساخت‌های هویتی شهرها، می‌تواند تبعات گستردة اجتماعی و اقتصادی در جامعه به همراه داشته ‌باشد. علی‌رغم اهمیت زیاد این بافت‌ها، مطالعات اندکی در خصوص ارتقای ایمنی و مدیریت بحران بافت‌های تاریخی در برابر زلزله شده است و این مسئله ضرورت انجام پژوهش‌های مرتبط را آشکار می‌کند.در این مقاله با هدف شناخت وضعیت خطرپذیری لرزه‌ای بافت‌های تاریخیِ دارای ارزش اقتصادی‌ـ فرهنگی، مدل جدیدی بر مبنای ترکیب شاخص‌های خطر، آسیب‌پذیری لرزه‌ای و ظرفیت‌های مقابله در برابر زلزله عرضه شده است. این شاخص‌ها و مقادیر کمّی مؤلفه‌های مربوطه بر مبنای بررسی تبعات زلزله‌های گذشته، مطالعه ادبیات فنی مرتبط، و ارزیابی‌های تحلیلی و چندجانبه تعیین شده است. همچنین ضرایب وزنی این شاخص‌ها بر اساس نظر متخصصان امر و با استفاده از روش AHP تعیین گردیده است. مدل عرضه‌شده سپس به صورت موردی به منظور تعیین خطرپذیری لرزه‌ای در بازار سنتی شهر اردبیل استفاده شد و نحوة اصلاح شاخص‌های تأثیرگذار در بهبود خطرپذیری متناسب با مداخلات اجرایی بررسی گردید. این ارزیابی نشان داد که مدل پیشنهادی قابلیت ارزیابی میزان خطرپذیری لرزه‌ای بازار‌های سنتی را دارد و با استفاده از آن می‌توان مداخلات کاهش خطرپذیری و عرضة برنامه‌های کوتاه‌مدت، میان‌مدت، و بلندمدت را شناسایی و ترتیب انجام آن‌ها را اولویت‌بندی کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Introducing A Model for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Reduction in Economically Valuable Historic Urban Fabrics (Case Study: Ardabil Historic Bazaar)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Simin Asadzadeh Tarebari 1
  • Kambod Amini Hosseini 2
  • Mahmood Hosseini 3
1 M.Sc. Civil Engineering—Eathquake, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Research
2 Associate Proffesor, International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Research
3 Associate Proffesor., International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology Research
چکیده [English]

The occurrence of earthquakes can have serious social and economic ramifications in economically valuable urban fabrics such as traditional bazaars. Despite the significance of such fabrics, there have been few studies on earthquake safety upgrading and crisis management in historic fabrics: a fact that necessitates further research on such topics.
Aiming at better understanding seismic hazards in economically valuable historic fabrics, the present paper proposes a new model based on hazard measures, seismic vulnerability and confrontation capacities against earthquakes.  These measures and quantitative components were determined based on a study of the consequences of previous earthquakes, the related technical literature, and analytic, comprehensive assessments. Also, the weighing factors of these measures were determined with reference to expert opinions and the AHP method. The proposed method was then applied in the Ardabil’s traditional bazaar, studying the methods of correcting hazard measures to correspond with operational interventions. The assessments showed that the proposed model is capable of assessing seismic hazards in traditional bazaars, and can be used to identify and prioritise hazard reduction interventions, and propose short-, mid-, and long-term programmes

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • seismic risk index
  • historic-commercial fabrics
  • risk management
  • Ardabil historic bazaar

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 تیر 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 دی 1399

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