صفه

صفه

مقایسه تطبیقی نگرش ذی مدخلان در احیاء میراث معماری مورد پژوهی: نگرش «مالکان» و «کارشناسان میراث فرهنگی» در فرایند احیاء خانه های تاریخی شهر یزد به کاربری اقامتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مرمت و احیای بناها و بافتهای تاریخی، دانشکده حفاظت، دانشگاه هنر ایران، تهران، ایران.
2 دانشیار دانشکدۀ حفاظت و مرمت دانشگاه هنر ایران، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
اهداف و پیشینه: ذی‌مدخلان میراث فرهنگی‌ و روابط اجتماعی آنها نقش پررنگی در شناخت و حفاظت از میراث فرهنگی دارند. ازاین‌رو نگرش ایشان نیز در امر حفاظت مستقیماً اثر می‌گذارد. بر این اساس، هدف در پژوهش حاضر مقایسۀ تطبیقی نگرش «مالکان خانه‌های تاریخی احیاشده به کاربری اقامتی در شهر یزد» و «کارشناسان میراث فرهنگی» به فرایند احیاست؛ به‌نحوی‌که با این مقایسه، اشتراک،‌ و افتراق‌های نگرش این ذی‌مدخلان برای برنامه‌ریزی در احیا شناسایی شوند.

مواد و روش‌ها: این پژوهش با راهبرد نظری زمینه‌یابی به نگرش‌سنجی کیفی آمیخته با مقایسۀ تطبیقی با استفاده از پرسشگری نیمه‌ساختاریافته انجام شده است. در این مطالعه نگرش دو گروه از ذی‌مدخلان مد نظر است: مالکان خانه‌های تاریخی احیاشده و کارشناسان ادارۀ میراث فرهنگی.

نتایج و جمع‌بندی: یافته‌های این پژوهش مطابق با پرسش‌های طـرح‌شده در 6 محور اصلی به‌دست آمده است: 1) تعریف احیا، 2) هدف و توقع از احیا، 3) چالش‌های احیا، 4) پیشنهاد برای احیا، 5) افراد موظف در احیا، و 6) نظام مشارکتی پیشنهادی برای احیا. طبق نتایج پژوهش، در 3 محور اصلی اول واگرایی نگرش‌ها و در 3 محور اصلی دوم همگرایی نگرش‌ها در دو گروه ذی‌مدخل قابل‌مشاهده است. با این مقایسۀ تطبیقی درنهایت برای ارتقای کیفی فرایند احیا و کاهش تعارض میان ذی‌مدخلان در احیا هفت پیشنهاد بیان شده است: 1) آموزش مالکان، 2) اعمال سازوکارهای حمایتی برای بازگشت سرمایه، 3) افزایش کارایی ادارۀ میراث فرهنگی، 4) بهبود زیرساخت‌های بافت تاریخی، 5) حمایت از حضور بومیان، 6) تقبل وظیفه در وهلۀ اول از طرف دولت و در وهلۀ دوم از طرف مردم، و 7) مشارکت ارگان‌های دخیل به رهبری ادارۀ میراث فرهنگی.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

A Comparison of Stakeholders’ Attitudes in Architectural Heritage Restoration; the Case of Owners’ and Cultural Heritage Experts’ Opinions about Use Change of Yazd’s Historical Houses to Residence

نویسندگان English

Zahra Rafiei 1
Alireza Razaghi 2
1 Ph.D. Candidate, Restoration and Revitalisation of Historic Buildings and Urban Fabrics, Faculty of Conservation and Restoration, Iran University of Art, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor,, Faculty of Conservation, Iran University of Art, Tehran Iran.
چکیده English

Background and Objectives: Cultural heritage experts and their influence play a prominent role in the heritage’s recognition and conservation, and hence the importance of their attitude. The present research, therefore, aims to compare the attitude of Yazd owners of historical houses whose properties turn into residence houses, with that of Cultural Heritage authorities.

Materials and Methods: This research is based on the grounded theory approach for qualitative attitude measurements, combined with comparative comparisons, using semi-structured queries from owners of historical houses and the Cultural Heritage organisation experts.

Results and Conclusion: The findings revolve around six issues:
1. the definition of revitalisation;
2. the goal of and expectations from revitalisation;
3. the challenges of revitalisation;
4. the expected improvements;
5. the persons responsible; and
6. the suggested participatory system for revitalisation.
Results show that there are divergences in the three issues of ‘definition’, ‘goals and expectations’ and ‘challenges’; and convergences in the other three, namely, ‘expected improvements’, ‘persons responsible’ and ‘the participatory system’. Consequently, seven suggestions are made to improve the quality of the revitalisation process and reduce the conflict between stakeholders in revitalisation:
1. educating the owners;
2. applying a support mechanisms for capital return;
3. increasing the efficiency of the cultural heritage administration;
4. improving infrastructures historical fabrics;
5. supporting the presence of natives;
6. recognising duties of firstly the government and secondly the people;
7. the participation of involved institutions under the leadership of the Cultural Heritage organisation.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Stakeholder attitude
Revitalisation of architectural heritage
Historical houses of Yazd
House owners
Cultural heritage experts
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  • تاریخ دریافت 17 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری 26 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 04 اردیبهشت 1405