محیط تحکم آمیز: بررسی تحلیلی نقش بنا و بستر

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار دانشکدة معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

محیط خاستگاه نیروهای مطلوب و نامطلوبی است که از منظر ناظر جذب و یا دفع می‌گردند. انسان تلاش دارد از طرق گوناگون بین نیروهای جاذب و دافع محیطی سطح خوشایندی از تعادل ایجاد کند. امروزه حضور در بین ساختمان‌های بلندمرتبه با قواره‌های غیر متعارف و بستر نامتناسب و تلاش برای دفع نیروهای ناموزون از جمله تجارب شایع است. دغدغة محقق در این پژوهش نیز تبیین وجوه و تشخیص کرانه‌های نیروهایی است که بار روانی محیط را نامطلوب و تعدی‌گونه می‌کنند. در این نوشتار ضمن بررسی ادبیات مرتبط با محیط‌های تحکم‌آمیز، شناخت مؤلفه‌های ساختاری آن، و تبیین وجوه ظاهری بنا، طی پژوهشی توصیفی‌ـ تحلیلی، بر سهم مؤثر هیکل بنا، به مثابة عامل اصلی تشدیدکنندة تعدی محیط و وسعت بستر، که مؤلفة غالب تضعیف‌کنندة این نیرو است، صحه گذارده می‌شود. دستاورد این پژوهش می‌تواند به تعیین تراکم ساختمانی مناسب و طراحی توده و فضا بیانجامد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Oppressive Environments: an Analytical Investigation of the Role of Buildings and Settings

نویسنده [English]

  • Saleheh Bokharaee
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

There are both pleasant and unpleasant forces originating from the environment which can either interest or disinterest the observer. Humans try to make a pleasing balance with these environmental forces. A most common experience of presence in the mid of high-rise buildings with non-conventional configurations or disproportional settings leads one to attempt to leave the disinteresting forces. This study investigates the dimensions and extents of the forces which make the environment unpleasant and oppressive. After a literature review of oppressive environments, structural parameters and physical aspects of buildings are introduced. Through a descriptive-analytic investigation, the significance of the body of the building as the main oppressing factor and of the size of setting as the key parameter lessening it. The results of this research can be used to determine appropriate building densities and proper mass and space configurations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • visual weight
  • oppressive environment
  • oppressive body
  • setting
  • enclosure

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 20 خرداد 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 بهمن 1399
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 11 دی 1399

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