نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسنده
عضو هیات علمی / دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Background and objectives: Various studies have been conducted in search of the formation process in traditional architecture. Some have focused on massing around the yard, spatial structure and location of functions, types of decorations, etc. But the design of spaces inside a building mass has received less attention. In this article, a kind of geometric system is introduced in the architecture of Iranian houses, which, after massing, is the generator of its spaces. The geometric system introduced in this article shapes the architectural space and determines some of its qualities.
The question of this research is how to divide a building mass on one side of the yard and create architectural spaces. It seems that the load-bearing structure and its orientation in relation to the yard is one of the key factors affecting the geometric structure of the building, which in the next stages, determines the composition of the spaces, their orientation, the method of lighting, the relation to the yard, the formal characteristics, etc.
Materials and methods: To check the above hypothesis, in addition to considering the theoretical texts, many examples of Qajar period houses have been studied. The structure of the buildings, which is based on the load-bearing wall, has been examined through the architectural plan and according to the direction of the roof load distribution. Then the qualities resulting from the mentioned geometric system, which can be understood in the human experience of the building, have been described through logical argumentation. Finally, the qualities are compared and categorized.
Results and conclusion: Two types of such geometric systems are introduced in this article. The houses of the first type, which is the dominant type throughout Iran, have a multi-layered and permeable geometric structure, including elements such as Iwan and Orosi, and have more transparent facades. In the houses of the second type, the spatial separation between the closed space of a room and the open space of the yard is more distinct. The transparency of the courtyard walls is less, but the structural geometric system of these buildings has made it possible to create Satavand and Shanashil.
کلیدواژهها [English]
)