Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 Features of Persian Islamic Architecture Features of Persian Islamic Architecture 5 18 100161 FA Kambiz Haji Ghassemi Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University Journal Article 2015 05 13 Despite extensive research and abundant literature on Persian Islamic Architecture, the attributes, which create the serenity of this architecture, are still unexplained. This paper attempts to elucidate some of these attributes through an architect’s interpretation from different viewpoints: an earthen architecture; an architecture of interiority; double-faced architecture; an architecture of courtyards; an architecture linking closed and open spaces; an architecture of semi open spaces; an architecture with a complete story; an ornate architecture of order; an architecture of balance and poise; an architecture of fluency and candor; an architecture of non-directional space; an architecture of diversity and harmony; the architecture of ceilings and roofs; an architecture of sumptuousity and delicacy; an architecture of colorful patterns; the similarity of components and the whole; an architecture fostering light; an architecture accompanying water; calligraphic architecture; and poetic architecture. Despite extensive research and abundant literature on Persian Islamic Architecture, the attributes, which create the serenity of this architecture, are still unexplained. This paper attempts to elucidate some of these attributes through an architect’s interpretation from different viewpoints: an earthen architecture; an architecture of interiority; double-faced architecture; an architecture of courtyards; an architecture linking closed and open spaces; an architecture of semi open spaces; an architecture with a complete story; an ornate architecture of order; an architecture of balance and poise; an architecture of fluency and candor; an architecture of non-directional space; an architecture of diversity and harmony; the architecture of ceilings and roofs; an architecture of sumptuousity and delicacy; an architecture of colorful patterns; the similarity of components and the whole; an architecture fostering light; an architecture accompanying water; calligraphic architecture; and poetic architecture. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100161_5301d25f114ce5c535d572c5059935e3.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 An Introduction to Architectural Programming An Introduction to Architectural Programming 19 28 100157 FA Kambiz Navai Assistant Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University Journal Article 2015 05 13 This paper is a primer on architectural programming. It reviews the relevant literature of the past twenty years as an introduction to basic concepts. On this basis, programming terminology is discussed to clarify basic notions in this field and distinguish between other types of planning undertaken before and after design. In conclusion, seven key thematic areas on programming are presented for further inquiry: programming process; products of programming; programming methodology; how programming relates to the design process; programmers’ role; requirements for ensuring quality programming; and requirements for improving programming teaching in architectural education. This paper is a primer on architectural programming. It reviews the relevant literature of the past twenty years as an introduction to basic concepts. On this basis, programming terminology is discussed to clarify basic notions in this field and distinguish between other types of planning undertaken before and after design. In conclusion, seven key thematic areas on programming are presented for further inquiry: programming process; products of programming; programming methodology; how programming relates to the design process; programmers’ role; requirements for ensuring quality programming; and requirements for improving programming teaching in architectural education. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100157_9f8f3df3ea663d056c4502ced8704a7b.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 The Architecture of Saqqa-nefar Structures The Architecture of Saqqa-nefar Structures 29 44 100158 FA Gholamhossein Memarian Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology Ahamd Pirzad Restoration and Conservation, Art University of Isfahan Journal Article 2015 05 13 The Architecture of Saqqa-nefar Structures Restoration and Conservation, Art University of Isfahan Saqqa-nefar is a two-storey timber or partially-timber structure used during Ashura event, which is celebrated each year on the anniversary of martyrdom of Imam Hussein and his supporters. The main ceremony is held in another building called Takiyeh. A Saqqa-nefar is usually erected in front of the Takiyeh in commemoration of Abolfazl, Imam Hussein’s heroic brother. Younger generation thus sits in the Saqqa-nefar while the elderly prefer the Takiyeh. The first floor of Saqqa-nefar is open on four sides, while the ground floor may be partially closed depending on its location. These structures demonstrate a synthesis of vernacular architecture of Northern Iran with that of Shiite religious rituals. The Architecture of Saqqa-nefar Structures Restoration and Conservation, Art University of Isfahan Saqqa-nefar is a two-storey timber or partially-timber structure used during Ashura event, which is celebrated each year on the anniversary of martyrdom of Imam Hussein and his supporters. The main ceremony is held in another building called Takiyeh. A Saqqa-nefar is usually erected in front of the Takiyeh in commemoration of Abolfazl, Imam Hussein’s heroic brother. Younger generation thus sits in the Saqqa-nefar while the elderly prefer the Takiyeh. The first floor of Saqqa-nefar is open on four sides, while the ground floor may be partially closed depending on its location. These structures demonstrate a synthesis of vernacular architecture of Northern Iran with that of Shiite religious rituals. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100158_3bc6cd6e6abd150167a141bc0e61c15e.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 The Role of the School of Art and Architecture in Revitalization of Sahl-ibn-Ali Quarters, Yazd The Role of the School of Art and Architecture in Revitalization of Sahl-ibn-Ali Quarters, Yazd 45 64 100159 FA Mohammad Reza Noghsan Mohammadi Assistant Professor, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Yazd University Masoud Mirvakili Faculty of Art and Architecture, Yazd University Journal Article 2015 05 13 It is now two decades since the School of Art and Architecture of Yazd University has been established in Sahl-ibn-Ali Quarters in the historic fabric of Yazd. Despite its success in many respects, this School has not sufficiently responded to internal and external functions. This could be attributed to the fact that the School expanded by adaptive reuse of available historic houses. The school thus lacks an integral spatial structure and does not respect the vernacular organization of urban spaces. The concept of school-quarters is introduced as a self-sufficient educational complex with all its diverse functions, which is entirely integrated with the physical structure of a historic quarters and thus will stimulate its revitalization. It is now two decades since the School of Art and Architecture of Yazd University has been established in Sahl-ibn-Ali Quarters in the historic fabric of Yazd. Despite its success in many respects, this School has not sufficiently responded to internal and external functions. This could be attributed to the fact that the School expanded by adaptive reuse of available historic houses. The school thus lacks an integral spatial structure and does not respect the vernacular organization of urban spaces. The concept of school-quarters is introduced as a self-sufficient educational complex with all its diverse functions, which is entirely integrated with the physical structure of a historic quarters and thus will stimulate its revitalization. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100159_57940c1372f4db0de2c701217f1834a1.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 The Impact of Information Communication Technology on Urban Spatial Structure: a Recombinant Urban Design Approach The Impact of Information Communication Technology on Urban Spatial Structure: a Recombinant Urban Design Approach 65 74 100163 FA Mohammad Sadegh Soheilipoor PhD Student, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology Ali Ghaffari Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University Amir Shafiee PhD Student, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshti University Journal Article 2015 05 13 Recombinant Urban Design takes its inspiration from genetics. In genetics, recombination is the rearrangement of genetic material, especially by crossing over in chromosomes or by the artificial joining of DNA segments. Similarly, in this approach urban design is also defined as a process for recombination of three urban genetic materials, i.e. armature, enclave, and heterotopias. The impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on urban spatial structure is constantly increasingly as ICT simultaneously plays the role of all three urban genetic materials, while facilitating and speeding interchange through virtual networks. New geographical opportunities thus created are diverse and multiple. Definition of urban functional zones of work, recreation, and residence will therefore experience a transmutation. Nevertheless, ICT will not transfer all these functions to the realm of virtual, but will rather complement and diversify their opportunities—opportunities which urban design should not neglect. Recombinant Urban Design takes its inspiration from genetics. In genetics, recombination is the rearrangement of genetic material, especially by crossing over in chromosomes or by the artificial joining of DNA segments. Similarly, in this approach urban design is also defined as a process for recombination of three urban genetic materials, i.e. armature, enclave, and heterotopias. The impact of Information Communication Technology (ICT) on urban spatial structure is constantly increasingly as ICT simultaneously plays the role of all three urban genetic materials, while facilitating and speeding interchange through virtual networks. New geographical opportunities thus created are diverse and multiple. Definition of urban functional zones of work, recreation, and residence will therefore experience a transmutation. Nevertheless, ICT will not transfer all these functions to the realm of virtual, but will rather complement and diversify their opportunities—opportunities which urban design should not neglect. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100163_988c21dfe84e015d880d6f8146ec7f76.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 Community Participation for Urban Upgrading: Sirus Quarters Community Participation for Urban Upgrading: Sirus Quarters 75 88 100165 FA Hashem Hasheminejad Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology Mostafa Behzadfar Associate Professor, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Iran University of Science and Technology Bahram Saaleh Sedghpour Assistant Professor, Faculty of Human Science, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University Seyyed Ali Seyedian Assistant Professor, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Mazandaran Journal Article 2015 05 13 This paper presents the results of a causal model developed for a deteriorated fabric in Sirus Quarter, downtown Tehran. An opinion survey was conducted with a customized questionnaire, a sample of 170 residents and employing a random cluster method. The collected data was analyzed using statistical-descriptive method. By extracting effective factors, a linear model was developed to show the impact of each factor on other factors. The results indicate that four key factors play a key role in increasing community participation: form of alleys, traffic management, conservation of valuable buildings within the fabric and location of amenities. These factors determine both the degree of participation and success of the upgrading process. This paper presents the results of a causal model developed for a deteriorated fabric in Sirus Quarter, downtown Tehran. An opinion survey was conducted with a customized questionnaire, a sample of 170 residents and employing a random cluster method. The collected data was analyzed using statistical-descriptive method. By extracting effective factors, a linear model was developed to show the impact of each factor on other factors. The results indicate that four key factors play a key role in increasing community participation: form of alleys, traffic management, conservation of valuable buildings within the fabric and location of amenities. These factors determine both the degree of participation and success of the upgrading process. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100165_7da4881062af07c9daf9eafabf401f81.pdf

Shahid Beheshti University Soffeh 1683-870X 22 3 2013 02 19 Kangavar Historic Monument Kangavar Historic Monument 89 114 100166 FA Mohammad Gholamali Fallah PhD Student, Faculty of Art& Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University Journal Article 2015 05 13 Several archeological excavations have been undertaken since 1968 in the remains of a historic monument in Kangavar. Nevertheless, there is significant disagreement on its origin and function. It is hypothesized to be a Mithraic temple or a palace. Some say it was built in the Achaemenid period and used until the end of Sassanid period, while others maintain that it was built in the mid or late Sassanid period. This paper reviews all available literature on this monument. The historic geography books and travel accounts are first reviewed. Then, recent books, reports and papers are examined. This indicates that some modern hypotheses are based on repeated quotations from unverified suppositions of earlier writers leading to the current dispute. Several archeological excavations have been undertaken since 1968 in the remains of a historic monument in Kangavar. Nevertheless, there is significant disagreement on its origin and function. It is hypothesized to be a Mithraic temple or a palace. Some say it was built in the Achaemenid period and used until the end of Sassanid period, while others maintain that it was built in the mid or late Sassanid period. This paper reviews all available literature on this monument. The historic geography books and travel accounts are first reviewed. Then, recent books, reports and papers are examined. This indicates that some modern hypotheses are based on repeated quotations from unverified suppositions of earlier writers leading to the current dispute. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100166_2428f1b95d330c0eadcd4e0afe408619.pdf